The Fermi surface of yttrium calculated by T.L. Loucks in 1966 drawn over data from 1996 by M.A. Alam.

Y - Yttrium

Although a period 5 transition metal, yttrium is associated with the rare earths. J. Gadolin discovered yttria mineral in 1794, proposing it as a new metal's oxide. A mixture of the reduced metals was obtained by Wöhler in 1828. In 1843 C. G. Mosander separated yttria into oxides of three metals, which were named yttrium, erbium and terbium, as they were found in a quarry near Ytterby, Sweden. Yttrium is used in color phosphors, lasers, ceramic superconductors and has been found in relatively high concentrations in lunar samples.

Atomic number - 39 Density g/mL 4 .5
Atomic weight u 88 .9059 Melting point K 1799
Bonding radius A 1 .62 Boiling point K 3611
Atomic radius A 2 .27 Heat of vaporization kJ/mol 363
Ionization Potential V 6 .38 Heat of fusion kJ/mol 11 .4
Electronegativity - 1 .22 Specific heat J/gK 0 .3
The oxide is a weak base.
Crystal are hexagonal.

Electron config. : [Kr] 4d1 5s2

Top | About | Search | Comment | PC Chemistry

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac** Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt 110 111 112 113
Lanthanides* Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Actinides ** Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

Isotopes of Y: Click mass number for decay process, product for element page.
079
14.8 sec
EC/ECp,7.100
Sr-79/Rb-78
78.937305 		080
35 sec
EC,9.100 MeV
Sr-80
79.934299 		081
70.4 sec
EC,5.510 MeV
Sr-81
80.929124 		082
9.5 sec
EC,7.820 MeV
Sr-82
81.926795 		083
7.08 min
EC,4.470 MeV
Sr-83
82.922350 		084
4.6 sec
EC,6.410 MeV
Sr-84
83.920310 		085
2.68 hr
EC,3.250 MeV
Sr-85
84.916424
086
14.74 hr
EC,5.240 MeV
Sr-86
85.914890 		087
79.8 hr
EC,1.862 MeV
Sr-87
86.910877 		088
106.65 da
EC,3.623 MeV
Sr-88
87.909505 		089 100%

Stable

88.905847 		090
64.10 hr
B-,2.282 MeV
Zr-90
89.907152 		091
58.51 da
B-,1.544 MeV
Zr-91
90.907300 		091a
49.71 min
B-,2.100 MeV
Zr-91
90.907897
092
3.54 hr
B-,3.639 MeV
Zr-92
91.908947 		093
10.18 hr
B-,2.893 MeV
Zr-93
92.909581 		094
18.7 min
B-,4.919 MeV
Zr-94
93.911595 		095
10.3 min
B-,4.420 MeV
Zr-95
94.912786 		096
5.34 sec
B-,7.087 MeV
Zr-96
95.915882 		097
3.75 sec
B-/B-n,6.688
Zr-97/Zr-96
96.918129 		097a
142 msec
B-,10.211 MeV
Zr-97
96.921911
098
0.548 sec
B-/B-n,8.830
Zr-98/Zr-97
97.922236 		099
1.470 sec
B-/B-n,7.567
Zr-99/Zr-98
98.924632 		100
735 msec
B-/B-n,9.310
Zr-100/Zr-99
99.927750 		100a
0.94 sec
B-,9.310 MeV
Zr-100
99.927750 		101
448 msec
B-/B-n,8.550
Zr-101/Zr-100
100.93031 		102
0.30 sec
B-,9.850 MeV
Zr-102
101.93355 		104
150 nsec
B-,11.800 MeV
Zr-104
103.94149
MASS abund.
Halflife
Particle, Energy
Decay Product(s)
Isotopic Mass

Updated by clh on 2/6/98. This is not a publication of Phoenix College.