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Biochemistry Facts

Access Excellence
Molecular biology clip art from Genentech – a leader in the biotech field.

Amino Acid Properties
Includes structures, contributions to protein conformations, and pKa values. From University of California at Davis.

Atlas of Nucleic Acid Containing Structures
Data and high-resolution views of DNA, RNA, and nucleic acid/protein complexes. From Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.

Beginner's Guide to Molecular Biology
Introduction to DNA, RNA, and proteins. From Nathalie Castells-Brooke, Institute of Arable Crops Research, Rothamsted, UK.

Beginning Biochemistry
Background information pertains to enzyme reactions. From Worthington Biochemical Corporation.

Biochemistry I
Protein structure and enzymology. From Wilbur H. Campbell, Michigan Technological University.

Biochemistry Experiments
Insights and apparatus for advanced undergraduate labs.

Biochemistry Lecture Notes
Concise series of annotations spanning beginning to advanced topics. From Marvin A. Payne, La Sierra University.

Biochemistry, University of Kansas
Detail-packed, clinically applicable summaries of major topics.

Biological Procedures Online
Techniques include enzyme assays, purifications, syntheses. From University of Waterloo.

Biological Psychology
Information concerning hormones, neurotransmitters, and other chemicals. From California State University at Chico.

Biology 4
Topics include atomic bonding and enzymology. From Brooklyn College, City University of New York.

Biology WorkBench
Access to protein and nucleic acid databases, and selection of software for crystallographers. From the San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego.

BioMagResBank
NMR data on nucleic acids, peptides, and proteins. From the University of Wisconsin at Madison.

Biomedical Topics
Nutritional Biochemistry of Alcoholism and Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency. From the State University of New York at Brooklyn.

Biophysical Chemistry
Thermodynamics and enzyme kinetics. From University of California at Berkeley.

BioTech Life Science Dictionary
Search for terms used in biochemistry, biotechnology, botany, cell biology, and genetics.

Botany Online
Along with molecular reactions, this tutorial contains information on plant anatomy and genetics. From Universität Hamburg.

CATH Protein Structure Classification
Explore protein Class, Architecture, Topology and Homologous superfamily. From University College London.

Cellulose Polymers
Structure and uses of cellulose. From Olympia Moy, The Dalton School.

Center for Molecular Modeling
Tutorials and databases of macromolecular structure and dynamics. From US National Institutes of Health.

Chem 299
Series of lecture notes for general chemistry class. Also, see the Honors class notes for biochemistry, electrochemistry, and physical chemistry. From University of Idaho.

Chemical Sciences
Series of lectures spanning many topics in chemistry. From James A. Plambeck, Virtual University North.

Cleavage and Deprotection of Peptide Resins
Alternatives to using hydrogen fluoride in the Merrifield synthesis of peptides. From John L. Hughes and Eric J. Leopold.

CMS Molecular Biology Resource
Structural databases and sequence analysis tools available to molecular modelers and biochemists. From Christopher M. Smith, University of California at San Diego, Supercomputer Center.

Computational Molecular Biology at NIH
Nucleic acid and protein sequence analysis tools and software. From the US National Institutes of Health.

Database of Macromolecular Movements
Molecular motions: view them or create your own. From Mark Gerstein, Yale University.

Details of Heavy Atoms
Available compounds and protein interactions. From Heavy-Atom Databank, Biomolecular Modeling Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund.

DNA Fingerprinting
From your About.com Guide. DNA variability yields positive identification.

Electrophoresis Simulation Site
Java applet teaches fundamentals of DNA and protein resolution on gels. From the Rochester Institute of Technology.

Energy, Enzymes, and Catalysis Problem Set
Biochemical energy transformation questions and answers from the University of Arizona.

Environmental Chemistry
Lessons also include biochemistry and general chemistry material. From Henry Bungay, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Enzyme Classification
Searches yield cofactors, substrates, products, and Enzyme Commission numbers. From LabWorX.

Enzyme Kinetics Tutorial
Follow the reasoning behind the determination of Vmax and Km. From Karen Ocorr, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.

Enzyme Structures Database
Collection of enzyme structure entries in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank. From University College London.

ESTHER Database
Enzymes, genes, and compounds associated with esterases such as cholinesterases, carboxylesterases, and lipases. From Agro de Montpellier.

ExPASy Molecular Biology Server
Proteomics gateway to protein and enzyme databases, homology searches, and structural predictions. From the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics.

Food Science and Human Nutrition
A remarkable series of lectures from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign including QuickTime movies and audio summaries.

Freie Universität Berlin
2-D and 3-D models of the amino acids.

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry
Lecture notes in organic chemistry and biochemistry. From Washington State University at Pullman.

General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Lecture slides with brief summations.

Glossary of Structure and Function of Macromolecules
Explanations of terms used in protein chemistry. From Gordon Bickerstaff, University of Paisley.

Green Fluorescent Protein
Technological applications for cell biology. From Wallace Marshall, Yale University.

Guide to Molecular Sequence Analysis
Explaining in silico nucleic acid and protein sequence analysis techniques. From Brunel University.

Human Genome Resources
Click on a chromosome to find its associated genes and DNA sequences. From the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

Hyperactive Molecules
Molecules that rotate, with audio and video clips. From Imperial College, University of London.

Image Library of Biological Macromolecules
Protein and nucleic acid components, structures, and their conformations. Also, search for PDB protein and nucleic acid entries. From Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Jena, Germany.

Interactive Biochemistry
Structure and behavior of enzymes and other proteins. From Edward K. O'Neil and Charles M. Grisham, University of Virginia at Charlottesville.

Interactive Metabolic Reconstruction on the Web
Connects genes and the metabolic pathways of their products. From Argonne National Laboratory.

InterPig Database
Pigment-related biochemicals, cell cultures, and mouse coat color genes. From the International Federation of Pigment Cell Societies.

Introduction to Biochemistry
Well-characterized experiments from Mansfield University.

Introduction to Glycolysis
Follow enzymatic reactions, take tests.

Introduction to Metabolism
Carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, nucleotide.

Introduction to Muscle Physiology and Design
Muscle’s metabolic states. From the University of California at San Diego.

Introductory Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
Concepts needed to appreciate these fields. From James R. Fromm.

Java and JavaScript Applications
Calculate molecular weights, simulate NMR spectra, or watch polymer syntheses. From Bruno Herreros, University of Nebraska at Lincoln.

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
Search for biological compounds, enzymes, metabolic pathways, and chromosomes. From Kyoto University.

Large Molecules Problem Set
Study biological molecules in a question and answer format. From the University of Arizona.

Learning Group
Memorize amino acids, protein chemistry, and other topics.

Medical Biochemistry
Very complete and impressive online text provided by Indiana University School of Medicine.

Membrane Lipids
Nomenclature and crystals structures. From Lesa Beamer, University of Missouri at Columbia.

MEROPS-The Peptidase Database
Nomenclature, phylogeny, and sequences of the proteolytic enzymes.

Metabolic Control Analysis Web
Mathematical treatment of fluxes in enzyme pathways. From University of Wales at Aberystwyth.

Metabolism of Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate biochemistry in the cyanobacterium, Synechocystis. From Natalia Maltsev, Argonne National Laboratory.

Metabolism Problem Set
Quizzes with answers from the University of Arizona.

Metalloprotein Database and Browser
Evaluations of protein/metal interactions. From Jesus M. Castagnetto, Scripps Research Institute.

MIT Biology Hypertextbook
Background to chemistry and biochemistry. From the Experimental Study Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

MITOMAP
Human mitochondrial genome database from Emory University. DNA sequence, polypeptide assignments, mutations.

Modellistica Molecolare
Biochemical and medicinal molecules. Animations require Chime plug-in. From Marco Olivieri, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II."

Molecular Animations of Large Molecules
AVI files showing animations of macromolecules such as hemoglobin, DNA-binding proteins, and a variety of enzymes. From the University of Leeds.

Molecular Conformations in Biological Molecules
Structures of protein molecules. From Robert M. Hanson, St. Olaf College.

Molecular Models for Biochemistry
Protein and enzyme tutorials. Requires Chime and RasMol plug-ins. From William McClure, Carnegie Mellon University.

Molecules of Life
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. From the Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine.

Molecules R US
Searches PDB (Protein Data Bank) and gives graphical output of desired protein. Ribbons-Image provides adequate output for most browsers. From the US National Institutes of Health.

NetBiochem
A complete downloadable course containing text, graphics, and animation for medical biochemistry instructors.

NMR Spectroscopy in Biochemistry
Lecture notes describing principle and practice of this analytical technique. From Gordon S. Rule, Carnegie Mellon University.

Online Macromolecular Museum
Visualization of structures requires Chime plug-in. From California Lutheran University.

Online Medical Dictionary
Search not only for medical terms, but for biochemical entries as well. From the Gray Laboratory Cancer Research Trust.

Organic and Biochemistry Lab Exercises
Appealing experiments from Mansfield University.

Organic Chemistry
Organic reaction mechanisms, spectroscopy, and biochemistry. From Steven Wathen, Ohio University.

Oxidative & Photophosphorylation Worksheet
Electron transport in mitochondria and chloroplasts. From Karen Ocorr, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.

Photosynthesis Problem Set
After studying, go to Problem Set 2. From the University of Arizona.

Physiological Chemistry
Biochemical structures and metabolic pathways. From Clarke Earley, Kent State University at Stark.

Polymer Metabolism
Lecture notes by Hung Lee, University of Guelph, from his course in Microbial Processes in Environmental Management.

PRINTS - Protein Motif Fingerprint Database
Search for recurrent structural motifs in your protein of interest. From University College London.

Principles of Protein Structure Using the Internet
Requires paid subscription. Some free course work available. From Birkbeck College, University of London.

Prion Protein
From your About.com Guide. Introduction to prion diseases.

Prolysis - Protease and Protease Inhibitors
Proteases and their natural and artificial inhibitors. From the University of Tours, France.

Protein Chemistry and GIF Animations
Provides do-it-yourself instruction for programming your own GIF.

Protein Kinase Resource
Purification, characterization, molecular biology, structures of this group of enzymes.

Protein Secondary Structure
Lucid text and diagrams from Kurt D. Berndt, Karolinska Institute.

Protein Structure
Forces and structures involved in protein folding. From T. J. Wess, University of Stirling.

Protein Structure and Stability
Physical chemical and crystallographic looks at protein structure. From Michael Blaber, Florida State University.

Protocol Online
Library of collected and submitted molecular biology protocols. From Longcheng Li, University of California at San Francisco.

PROWL
Protein mass spectrometry analysis site. Includes chemical properties of amino acids and peptides, and ability to search protein databases. From Rockefeller University.

PubMed
Search MEDLINE using your keywords. Also searches GenBank DNA and protein sequences. From US National Library of Medicine.

RCSB Protein Data Bank
Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics archives protein structure data generated from X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance.

REBASE
Restriction enzyme database from New England Biolabs.

Scanning Probe Microscopy
Images of polysaccharides, proteins, and bacterial films. From Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK.

SCOP - Structural Classification of Proteins
Discerning evolutionary relationships of protein by similarities in their structures. From Cambridge University.

Sequence Retrieval System
Browses protein and nucleotide databases available at EMBL-EBI, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.

Structure of Protein Phosphatases
Background concerning the three-dimensional structures of these enzymes. From Patricia Ricky Pearl, Brandeis University.

Symbolism and Terminology in Enzyme Kinetics
Recommended definitions, terms, and symbols used in biochemical reactions. From the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry.

Topics in Food Chemistry
Lecture notes cover lipids, flavors, and food processing. From Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal.

Virtual Classroom
Slides and syllabi used in undergraduate and graduate level chemistry courses. Topics include biochemistry, analytical, general, and organic chemistry. From University of Akron.

Vitamin B1
Thiamine biochemistry and history. From the University System of Georgia.

Why Phosphorus and Sulfur Form High-Energy Bonds
From a paper by George Wald.

Wood Chemistry, Products and Processes
Plant biosynthetic pathways. From Richard Helm, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Worthington Enzyme Manual
Guide to chemical properties and uses of enzymes and biochemicals. From Worthington Biochemical Corporation.