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United States Department of Agriculture
Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
Consumer Information From USDA
December 1996

After a Fire, Is the Food Safe?

Fire! Few words can strike such terror. Residential fires are, unfortunately, a common occurrence. Some 2 million American homes are in flames yearly. In the aftermath of fire, people are left to salvage their lives and belongings.

Whether it’s the whole house involved or just a fire in the kitchen, people try to save what they can -- including food. But generally, saving food that’s been in a fire is not a good idea.

Food exposed to fire can be compromised by three factors: the heat of the fire, smoke fumes and chemicals used to fight fire.

Heat from the Fire

Food in cans or jars may appear to be okay, but if they've been close to the HEAT of a fire, they may no longer be edible.

Why? Heat from a fire can activate food spoilage bacteria. If the heat is extreme, the cans or jars themselves can split or rupture, rendering the food unsafe.

Fumes from a Fire

One of the most dangerous elements of a fire is sometimes not the fire itself, but TOXIC FUMES released from burning materials.

Those fumes can kill; they can also contaminate food. Any type of food stored in permeable packaging -- cardboard, plastic wrap, etc. -- should be thrown away. Toxic fumes can permeate the packaging and contaminate the food.

Discard any raw foods stored outside the refrigerator, such as potatoes or fruit, that could be contaminated by fumes.

Surprisingly, food stored in refrigerators or freezers can also become contaminated by fumes. The refrigerator seal isn't airtight and fumes can get inside.

If food from your refrigerator has an off-flavor or odor when it's prepared, throw it away.

Chemicals in Fires

Chemicals used to fight fires contain toxic materials and can contaminate food and cookware. The chemicals cannot be washed off the food.

Foods that are exposed to chemicals should be thrown away. This includes food stored at room temperature, such as fruits and vegetables, as well as foods stored in permeable containers like cardboard and screw-topped jars and bottles.

Canned goods and cookware exposed to chemicals can be decontaminated.

Wash in a strong detergent solution. Then dip in a bleach solution (1 teaspoon bleach per quart of water) for 15 minutes.

Fire Stoppers

The American Red Cross recommends that you:

Call Toll-free for More Information:

USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline
1 (800) 535-4555
Washington DC (202) 720-3333
TTY: 1 (800) 256-7072

FSIS Web site: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/

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For Further Information Contact:
FSIS Food Safety Education Staff
Meat and Poultry Hotline:

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